榴莲app

安(an)全(quan)帽里植(zhi)入芯片，定位在場施工(gong)人(ren)員，追(zhui)蹤其(qi)行動(dong)(dong)軌跡；施工(gong)現(xian)場“電(dian)子眼(yan)”全(quan)覆蓋，了解施工(gong)進度，及時發現(xian)安(an)全(quan)隱患，緊“盯”施工(gong)安(an)全(quan)；利用(yong)AR（增強現(xian)實）、VR（虛擬現(xian)實）技術，在沉(chen)浸式互動(dong)(dong)體驗中加強工(gong)人(ren)安(an)全(quan)教育……與鋼筋(jin)混凝土打交(jiao)道的工(gong)地，這樣的“智慧”場景隨處可(ke)見。

隨著互聯(lian)(lian)網、物聯(lian)(lian)網和(he)數(shu)字技(ji)術(shu)(shu)加(jia)速應用(yong)，推進“智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)慧工(gong)地(di)”建設已成為推動建造方式轉型(xing)升(sheng)級的(de)(de)突破(po)口和(he)著力(li)點、助力(li)建筑(zhu)業高(gao)質量發展(zhan)的(de)(de)重要(yao)路(lu)徑、實現(xian)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)安(an)(an)全(quan)生產治(zhi)理(li)體系與能(neng)(neng)力(li)現(xian)代化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)重要(yao)方法。“智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)慧工(gong)地(di)”基于BIM（建筑(zhu)信(xin)息(xi)(xi)模(mo)型(xing)）+AI（人工(gong)智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)）智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)大數(shu)據中心和(he)云平臺(tai)，圍繞建筑(zhu)工(gong)程項(xiang)目(mu)全(quan)生命周期(qi)，集成安(an)(an)全(quan)、質量、綠色施(shi)(shi)工(gong)、勞(lao)務實名(ming)制等多個(ge)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)模(mo)塊，支(zhi)撐現(xian)場管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)、互聯(lian)(lian)協同、智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)決策、數(shu)據共享的(de)(de)信(xin)息(xi)(xi)化(hua)(hua)系統協助完成監(jian)督和(he)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)工(gong)作，全(quan)方位監(jian)控(kong)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)現(xian)場，形(xing)成信(xin)息(xi)(xi)化(hua)(hua)、數(shu)字化(hua)(hua)、可視(shi)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)項(xiang)目(mu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)體系。信(xin)息(xi)(xi)化(hua)(hua)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)運用(yong)讓工(gong)地(di)長了(le)“眼睛(jing)”“耳朵”“鼻(bi)子”，看(kan)得(de)見違章、聽(ting)得(de)見噪音(yin)、嗅得(de)到(dao)隱患，實時精確把控(kong)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)現(xian)場脈絡。筆者總結了(le)現(xian)有“智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)慧工(gong)地(di)”在施(shi)(shi)工(gong)安(an)(an)全(quan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)中的(de)(de)應用(yong)，看(kan)看(kan)“智(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)慧工(gong)地(di)”為整個(ge)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)過程帶來了(le)怎(zen)樣的(de)(de)“安(an)(an)全(quan)感”。

人員(yuan)信息安(an)全管控

癥結(jie)

建(jian)筑施工(gong)過程(cheng)用工(gong)量大，面對超齡、技能水平、考勤記(ji)錄(lu)等人員日常管理問題(ti)，僅依靠管理人員手工(gong)記(ji)錄(lu)等傳統管理方式(shi)已難以適應復雜多變的工(gong)地情況，無法(fa)實(shi)現(xian)對工(gong)人的有效監管。

護航

結合多(duo)種互聯網技術化手段，將(jiang)人的(de)行為管起來。

人(ren)(ren)是安(an)全工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作的(de)核心(xin)，是現(xian)場安(an)全管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)中能動性最(zui)(zui)強、最(zui)(zui)靈(ling)活(huo)的(de)因(yin)素。“智慧工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)地”對(dui)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)進行高效精準(zhun)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)控，對(dui)于施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)現(xian)場安(an)全管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作具有重要意義。設置(zhi)人(ren)(ren)臉識別門(men)禁系統，對(dui)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)的(de)身(shen)份信息、進出場等(deng)進行實名制登記(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)，既能實時(shi)(shi)打卡，保護工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)友權益，又能規范人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)進出，保障工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)地人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)安(an)全。借助(zhu)該系統信息集成(cheng)個人(ren)(ren)身(shen)份信息、技能水(shui)平、薪資賬戶等(deng)，建立施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)信息數(shu)據(ju)庫，方便(bian)(bian)快捷地記(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)的(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)活(huo)動、考(kao)勤記(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)等(deng)。與此同時(shi)(shi)，與住房(fang)和城鄉建設主管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)部門(men)的(de)監控平臺(tai)“聯網”，隨時(shi)(shi)更新數(shu)據(ju)，方便(bian)(bian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)統計與分析人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)分布、人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)流動、考(kao)勤數(shu)據(ju)，實現(xian)實名制管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)的(de)信息化和一體化，避免勞務糾紛。施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)也可以快速查(cha)詢當月的(de)上班天數(shu)、每日(ri)打卡的(de)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)，隨時(shi)(shi)查(cha)看考(kao)勤記(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作生活(huo)更踏實放心(xin)。

為減少不(bu)安全行為，針對現場重點區域，布設AI智(zhi)能識(shi)別系統，通過大數據與(yu)人工(gong)智(zhi)能實現無人化(hua)的高效(xiao)管(guan)理方式，24小時監管(guan)不(bu)當行為，自動識(shi)別施工(gong)人員進入(ru)工(gong)地(di)之后的安全帽、反光(guang)衣穿戴情況(kuang)，自動識(shi)別煙(yan)霧、火種以(yi)及(ji)區域入(ru)侵(qin)等。一旦發現不(bu)合規或異常情況(kuang)，及(ji)時現場聯動工(gong)地(di)智(zhi)能語音終端、播報預(yu)警以(yi)及(ji)違規記錄與(yu)數據統計，保(bao)障(zhang)人員安全。

機械設備安全監控

癥結

塔吊、升降機、吊籃等(deng)作(zuo)業(ye)(ye)活動本身潛藏高(gao)空(kong)作(zuo)業(ye)(ye)風險，防(fang)護裝置或(huo)防(fang)護用品存(cun)在缺陷都會導致(zhi)安全(quan)事故的(de)發生(sheng)。傳(chuan)統施(shi)工現場(chang)(chang)如(ru)果想判斷塔吊是(shi)否違規超載(zai)，腳手架、模板和塔式起重(zhong)機等(deng)垂直運輸機械作(zuo)業(ye)(ye)是(shi)否有效防(fang)護，最常用的(de)辦法就是(shi)讓管理人員到現場(chang)(chang)查(cha)看，操作(zuo)人員憑借(jie)經驗(yan)進行操作(zuo)，但人工排查(cha)不能做到隨時隨地，安全(quan)隱(yin)患無法及(ji)時準確地暴露(lu)出來(lai)。

護航

借助實時(shi)監(jian)測(ce)系統解決工地安全隱患，將設(she)施(shi)設(she)備管起來(lai)。

工(gong)地(di)(di)接入智(zhi)慧(hui)系(xi)統(tong)后(hou)，工(gong)地(di)(di)內(nei)作業層(ceng)、塔吊、施(shi)工(gong)電梯等(deng)存在安(an)全(quan)隱患的(de)部(bu)位(wei)均(jun)安(an)裝了(le)實時(shi)(shi)(shi)監(jian)測(ce)設備(bei)，能(neng)對塔吊的(de)起重量、力矩、幅(fu)度(du)、高度(du)、風速(su)、群塔防(fang)碰撞等(deng)項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)和施(shi)工(gong)電梯的(de)載重、人(ren)數、上(shang)下限位(wei)等(deng)實時(shi)(shi)(shi)監(jian)測(ce)，傳(chuan)出的(de)視(shi)(shi)頻(pin)和采(cai)集的(de)數據全(quan)部(bu)集中到“智(zhi)慧(hui)工(gong)地(di)(di)”云平(ping)臺(tai)上(shang)展示，管(guan)理(li)人(ren)員通(tong)過(guo)手(shou)機(ji)終端也能(neng)實時(shi)(shi)(shi)查看。通(tong)過(guo)監(jian)控平(ping)臺(tai)可(ke)(ke)視(shi)(shi)化模塊對視(shi)(shi)頻(pin)進行(xing)(xing)回放、局部(bu)放大、拉近，實現(xian)(xian)全(quan)天候(hou)、全(quan)方位(wei)、無(wu)死角(jiao)實時(shi)(shi)(shi)管(guan)控各個(ge)工(gong)程現(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)，全(quan)面詳細(xi)掌握現(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)作業是(shi)否規范、有無(wu)違章行(xing)(xing)為、現(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)安(an)全(quan)措施(shi)是(shi)否到位(wei)。除此之外，安(an)全(quan)管(guan)理(li)人(ren)員到現(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)檢查設備(bei)只需(xu)帶上(shang)手(shou)機(ji)拍(pai)照即可(ke)(ke)生成整改單據，直(zhi)達對應責(ze)任人(ren)，相關現(xian)(xian)場(chang)(chang)負責(ze)人(ren)進行(xing)(xing)整改后(hou)再上(shang)傳(chuan)平(ping)臺(tai)，在移動端便可(ke)(ke)實現(xian)(xian)形成安(an)全(quan)閉環管(guan)理(li)，極大提(ti)高了(le)安(an)全(quan)問題的(de)整改效率，提(ti)升(sheng)了(le)項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)安(an)全(quan)指數。

如果工(gong)(gong)地現(xian)場(chang)“起火(huo)”，如何判斷是正常(chang)的焊接等明火(huo)操作，還(huan)是哪里“著了(le)火(huo)”？有(you)的智慧工(gong)(gong)地系統可以通(tong)過人工(gong)(gong)智能視(shi)覺(jue)分析與(yu)熱成像(xiang)技術(shu)，基(ji)于(yu)深度學習的物(wu)體跟蹤與(yu)物(wu)體識別(bie)算法，結合(he)人工(gong)(gong)智能AI芯片，對動(dong)火(huo)區域進行(xing)實(shi)時(shi)監測，對動(dong)火(huo)作業全過程(cheng)所(suo)采集的實(shi)時(shi)視(shi)頻流(liu)進行(xing)智能分析。

AR+VR安全教育

癥結

有人曾將傳統的(de)工(gong)地現(xian)場(chang)安(an)全教育笑稱為說教式教育“老三樣”——讀規章制度(du)、看事故視頻、簽(qian)名，沒有跟(gen)實際相結合(he)，施工(gong)從業人員無法親身(shen)感(gan)受違(wei)規操作帶來的(de)危害，難以對安(an)全生產有深刻的(de)理(li)解(jie)和感(gan)受，安(an)全防(fang)范意識(shi)低。

護(hu)航

采用虛擬現實技(ji)術，培訓人員“親歷”施工安全(quan)事故，敲(qiao)響安全(quan)警鐘。

在(zai)傳統(tong)工(gong)地(di)(di)安(an)全(quan)(quan)教(jiao)育(yu)見效較差的(de)(de)情況下，VR、AR、3D與工(gong)地(di)(di)結合(he)在(zai)一(yi)起，成為工(gong)地(di)(di)安(an)全(quan)(quan)教(jiao)育(yu)的(de)(de)一(yi)種手段。根(gen)據項(xiang)(xiang)目部(bu)實際情況，對(dui)于建筑施(shi)(shi)工(gong)企業(ye)主(zhu)要負(fu)責(ze)人(ren)、項(xiang)(xiang)目負(fu)責(ze)人(ren)、專職安(an)全(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產管理(li)人(ren)員及特種作業(ye)人(ren)員的(de)(de)培訓(xun)，針對(dui)危險性(xing)較大的(de)(de)分(fen)部(bu)分(fen)項(xiang)(xiang)工(gong)程(cheng)安(an)全(quan)(quan)管理(li)等重點(dian)內容，建造安(an)全(quan)(quan)教(jiao)育(yu)智(zhi)慧(hui)培訓(xun)系統(tong)。在(zai)工(gong)地(di)(di)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)現場(chang)設(she)置工(gong)地(di)(di)VR智(zhi)能安(an)全(quan)(quan)教(jiao)育(yu)體驗館(guan)，采用(yong)成熟(shu)的(de)(de)VR、AR、3D技(ji)術，結合(he)電動機(ji)械，考量工(gong)地(di)(di)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)的(de)(de)安(an)全(quan)(quan)隱患，以三(san)維動態的(de)(de)形式創(chuang)建與現實類(lei)似的(de)(de)環境，3D模擬出工(gong)地(di)(di)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)場(chang)景和(he)險情。

VR安(an)全體驗、虛擬消防(fang)滅火系統、安(an)全教(jiao)育魔盒……培訓人員(yuan)通(tong)過佩戴(dai)VR眼(yan)鏡等設備，沉浸式、可互動式進行現場漫(man)游、熟悉建筑(zhu)構件(jian)、了解施工(gong)流(liu)程，“親歷”施工(gong)安(an)全事故的(de)發生(sheng)，掌握相應(ying)防(fang)范要點和應(ying)急措施，加(jia)深(shen)對(dui)安(an)全生(sheng)產的(de)理解和感(gan)受(shou)。

智能穿戴安(an)全防護(hu)

癥結

施工現場多為(wei)露天作業，施工人員長時間直接暴露在(zai)高(gao)溫、嚴寒(han)的工作環境中進行高(gao)強度工作，尤其從(cong)事高(gao)空作業、光線較差的地下或夜班作業等，稍有松懈就可能發生(sheng)安全事故(gu)。

護航

智(zhi)能(neng)安(an)全帽(mao)、智(zhi)能(neng)手(shou)環、智(zhi)能(neng)眼鏡等智(zhi)能(neng)穿戴設備，幫助施工人員做好安(an)全防(fang)護。

安全(quan)帽(mao)是安全(quan)生產的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)保障，每一個進入現場的(de)人員都必(bi)須佩戴安全(quan)帽(mao)，因此智能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)安全(quan)帽(mao)是智能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)穿戴設備在工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中應用(yong)最廣(guang)泛的(de)產品。智能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)安全(quan)帽(mao)內置(zhi)了高科技(ji)集(ji)成芯片和(he)多種傳(chuan)感器，集(ji)GPS（全(quan)球定(ding)位系統(tong)(tong)）定(ding)位、脫帽(mao)預(yu)警、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作效率分(fen)析、項(xiang)目電(dian)子圍欄等功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)于一體，記(ji)錄工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人的(de)行(xing)(xing)動軌(gui)跡。當(dang)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人員到(dao)達某一危險(xian)源特定(ding)范圍內時，就會觸發(fa)內置(zhi)的(de)預(yu)警系統(tong)(tong)，對其(qi)提(ti)出(chu)警告，信息(xi)也會實時發(fa)送到(dao)管理(li)(li)終端，項(xiang)目部管理(li)(li)人員可以及時鎖定(ding)危險(xian)源位置(zhi)和(he)相(xiang)應施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人員，給出(chu)指令措施(shi)，預(yu)防事故發(fa)生。智能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)安全(quan)帽(mao)實現了基(ji)礎防護(hu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具到(dao)智能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具的(de)轉(zhuan)變(bian)，加(jia)快了建(jian)(jian)造(zao)(zao)行(xing)(xing)業的(de)智慧化進程(cheng)，推動傳(chuan)統(tong)(tong)建(jian)(jian)筑業向智慧建(jian)(jian)造(zao)(zao)發(fa)展。

建筑(zhu)業(ye)是(shi)一(yi)個“高危(wei)”行業(ye)，隨時(shi)隨地存在著隱藏的(de)危(wei)險。安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產是(shi)建筑(zhu)業(ye)不(bu)可觸(chu)碰的(de)底線，所有工(gong)(gong)(gong)地都要增強(qiang)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)意識(shi)、規范安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)行為、弘揚安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)文化，時(shi)刻拉緊安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產生(sheng)命紅線。“智(zhi)慧工(gong)(gong)(gong)地”的(de)建設與應用，可有效預防違規作業(ye)導致的(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)事(shi)故發生(sheng)，實現(xian)規范施工(gong)(gong)(gong)管理、減少安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)隱患(huan)、節省人力投入、降低運營成本，提(ti)前化解風(feng)險，為建筑(zhu)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產保駕護航(hang)